Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Parviz Ahmadzadehhouch; Ali Sayadani; Manoochehr Daviran
Abstract
The story of "the fox and the crow" has long been considered by poets and storytellers and poets have narrated this story in different countries with various languages using multiple storytelling styles. This research is an attempt to study and compare the poems provided by four poets; Habib Yaghmaei, ...
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The story of "the fox and the crow" has long been considered by poets and storytellers and poets have narrated this story in different countries with various languages using multiple storytelling styles. This research is an attempt to study and compare the poems provided by four poets; Habib Yaghmaei, (Persian poet), Ali Akbar Saber (Turkish poet), Suleiman Al-Issa (Syrian poet) and Mohammad Osman Jalal (Egyptian poet). Using descriptive and analytical method and based on the American storytelling style (which doesn’t consider the principle of impact and being influenced and historical connection as necessary conditions in comparing the two literary texts), this research is to investigate the different aspects of aesthetics, innovation, similarities, differences and different functions of the afore-mentioned poem (The Fox and the Crow) in four stages of; phonetic (internal and external music), rhetoric (aesthetic functions), syntactic, and intellectual tiers in the works of the four addressed poets. Examination of the poetic texts provided by these poets illustrates that all of them, with the aim of beautifying their poem and its attraction, have paid special attention to the music of poetry and have employed all kinds of similes, metaphors and puns. Attention to phonology and rhythm in the poem of Suleiman Al-Issa is less than that of the other three poets. The poems of Yaghmaei, Saber, and Osman Jalal comprise rhyme, rhythm, and tone so that children can memorize them easily. Opposing this, the poem of Suleiman Al-Issa contains a new verse and rhythm which is not very tangible. With respect to the intellectual tier, their goal is to educate and avoid children from flattery, and being truthful. In Yaghmaei's poem, the point of grasping the message is left to the reader, but other poets have referred to the message of the story themselves.
Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Fatemeh Parchkani; Farhad Rajabi
Abstract
Al-Sayyab and Shamlou are two of the most prominent contemporary poets who, in spite of their love poems, tried to address the revolutionary function of women in their literary work. By promoting the woman's personality in this respect, they have detached her lover stereotypical face and have highlighted ...
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Al-Sayyab and Shamlou are two of the most prominent contemporary poets who, in spite of their love poems, tried to address the revolutionary function of women in their literary work. By promoting the woman's personality in this respect, they have detached her lover stereotypical face and have highlighted their revolutionary share and their ability to fight for liberation alongside men. Therefore, this research attempts to study the position of women in poetry of the two poets, and depicts their presence along with the changes that have been made in their personality. This is why categories such as struggle for liberation, accompaniment of solving human problems, and the escape of traditions are referred to as the most important constituents of women presence in the literary work provided by these poems. In Badr Shakir Al-ssayab’s poem, except for their traditional role, women are the symbol of the vanished homeland and sometimes represent the symbol of return to oneself. However, this linear trend in presenting women reflects well in the personality of those such as “Hafsa al-omari” and “Jamilah Bouhired” and reaches perfection. Al-Sayyab seeks to depict his revolutionary function in defending human freedom by matching women's personality with “Ishtar” and giving them Christ’s personality. On the other hand, in Shamlou's poems, women play an independent role in the social struggle. “Roxana” and “Aida” are models of revolutionary women in such poems. It seems as if the poet is looking for his soul-mate so as to enter the battle with her. The results show that the occurred metamorphosis, expect for the two poet's intellectual maturity, is influenced by the evolutionary process of Arab and Persian societies, modernization process, and initiation of humanity in contemporary thought and poem.
Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Vahidullah Jamal; Abdul Ali Alebooye Langroodi; Ahmad Pasha Zanoos; Narjes Ansari
Abstract
Music plays a prominent role in contemporary poetry's structure and arouses the emotions of the audience while enhancing the beauty of the verses. The undeniable connection between poetry and music is evident because the beauty and longevity of any poem depend on its utilization of music. With that in ...
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Music plays a prominent role in contemporary poetry's structure and arouses the emotions of the audience while enhancing the beauty of the verses. The undeniable connection between poetry and music is evident because the beauty and longevity of any poem depend on its utilization of music. With that in mind, Mahmoud Darvish and Qahar Aasi are among the poets who have shown special attention to this aesthetic element. In Darvish’s poems, there is an epic spirit, which characterizes as a guard/ weapon to protect the land of Palestine. Similarly, Aasi's recent poem, "From the Fire and the Silk", shows his patriotic spirit. Both of these poets have tried to integrate music in their poems to deliver the message to their audience in a more beautiful and attractive way. The current research examines the element of music in Mahmoud Darvish's poetry collection, "Almond Blossoms and Beyond", and Qahar Aasi’s collection "From the Fire and the Silk". Using a descriptive-analytical approach and precise statistical analysis of selected poems from both poets, the investigations indicate that they share common themes in their poetry, but the authors seek to illuminate the method of employing music in the poetry of these two poets and the harmony between music and its content. The results demonstrate differences in the utilization of music and its relationship with the content and subject matter of the poetry by the two poets. However, the connection between music, content, emotions, and thoughts is a matter that can always be observed in their poetry.
Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Subla Al-Dunia; Najemeh Nazari; Sayyed Mahdi Masbough
Abstract
One of the issues that is worthy of investigation in the field of comparative literature is the content of textbooks and how they deal with different issues faced by students. Homeland and national identity are the topics that have always been considered in education and the textbooks of different countries ...
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One of the issues that is worthy of investigation in the field of comparative literature is the content of textbooks and how they deal with different issues faced by students. Homeland and national identity are the topics that have always been considered in education and the textbooks of different countries have paid attention to them in various ways. The current research intends to study the concept of homeland and national identity in the Farsi and Al-Arabiya textbooks of Iran and Syria based on the American school of thought in comparative literature. The studied books are six Persian language and six Arabic language textbooks updated due to the latest changes in the textbooks of Iran and Syria. The findings from comparing the main elements of homeland in Iran indicate that, in Farsi textbooks for primary schools, the highest importance is given to the elements of religious identity and Islamic homeland. On the contrary, in Al-Arabiya textbooks, paying attention to the Arabic language and writing and not paying attention to religious elements are striking. Praising the combatants and martyrs of the homeland, introducing the natural attractions, geographical, historical, and cultural heritages, and paying less attention to ethnic identity are common points in the textbooks of both countries
Research Paper
Amir Abbas Azizifar
Abstract
Darabnameh of Tarsusi is a profound story with mythological, epic, and historical themes that has a prominent role from the perspective of studying the beliefs, rituals, and religions of Iran, especially the beliefs and religions related to the Sassani era. Using a descriptive-analytical-documentary ...
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Darabnameh of Tarsusi is a profound story with mythological, epic, and historical themes that has a prominent role from the perspective of studying the beliefs, rituals, and religions of Iran, especially the beliefs and religions related to the Sassani era. Using a descriptive-analytical-documentary method, the researcher assumes that the story contains national, Semitic and Islamic epic elements and themes due to the existence of undeniable epic and mythological elements. As it is indicated, elements of Zoroastrianism, Sassanid Mazdaism, Zarwanism, Manichaean, Semitic, and Islamic elements have a prominent presence. Furthermore, Zoroastrian ritual elements (Zarwani and Semitic), and Zoroastrian and post-Zoroastrian (Manichaean and Islamic) elements are well-reflected in this story. Precisely, at the end of the Sassani era, the religious beliefs and convictions of the Iranians underwent changes, and for this reason, there exists a combination of different beliefs in this period. The Behdini signs provided in this study are, therefore, the modified Behdini of the late Sassani era that are blended with other religious elements such as Zarwani, Maoism, Sami, and Islamic beliefs. Accordingly, the questions posed by this article are; what elements and beliefs existed in the Sassani Behdini, and what elements does this religion actually include in the book under investigation. The importance and necessity of research in recognizing the beliefs and beliefs of Iranians in the Middle Ages and the Sassani era is to report the stages of evolution and transformation, and even its integration with other elements of eclectic belief whether in line with or opposing the existing ones. In fact, through this study and with the help of non-historical sources, such as folk tales, we can review the history of the growth of Iranian civilization and culture
Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Ahmad lamei Giv; vajiheh Zamani Babgohari
Abstract
According to Jung, the Swiss psychologist, human subconscious has a collective aspect that is filled with inherited archetypes from its ancestors. As the matter of fact, this legacy can affect human thoughts and feelings. One of those archetypes is called anima, which refers to the character of a woman ...
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According to Jung, the Swiss psychologist, human subconscious has a collective aspect that is filled with inherited archetypes from its ancestors. As the matter of fact, this legacy can affect human thoughts and feelings. One of those archetypes is called anima, which refers to the character of a woman hidden in every man. Considering those work that come from masculine feelings, especially those that have a romantic theme, it is better to see the traces of anima. This is due to the fact that the woman inside the man has the opportunity to reach the stage of emergence and manifestation in such work. This research, implementing an analytical-comparative method and a comparative approach of the American school of thought, considers the similarity of literary work and ,as the result of the commonalities of all human beings, carefully examines this archetype in the love poems of two contemporary poets; Mahmoud Darvish and Fereydoon Moshiri. The results of this research show that anima can be used as a common basis in comparing the poems of two poets; Because although they are from two different cultures and races; But together, they have used many positive and negative anime functions and projections. When they feel sad, afraid, empty and dead, they are in control of negative anime and when the wife of the heart and the lady of the dreams call all their goodness and beauty and wish to join her, they are dominated by their positive anime.
Research Paper
الادب المقارن
Hadi Naami; Maryam Jalilian; Hossein Cheraghivash
Abstract
Fantasy literature is a new genre in literature which comprises is the use of imagination power and creativity to escape from the world and its known boundaries and to break the laws of nature. In fantasy literature, all events are based on fantasy, and fantasy writers create a world of strange elements ...
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Fantasy literature is a new genre in literature which comprises is the use of imagination power and creativity to escape from the world and its known boundaries and to break the laws of nature. In fantasy literature, all events are based on fantasy, and fantasy writers create a world of strange elements and events, extraordinary creatures and atmospheres, and unique rules. There are significant similarities in the use of fantasy elements in the novels of Zikola and Shouman. Therefore, the present study tries to explain the commonalities of fantasy components in these two works using the analytical-descriptive method. Some of the common fantasy themes in these two works are the similarity in the plot, the main character, the combination of real and imaginary characters, the use of similar functional actions such as spells, events, and assistance, and also common fantasy principles such as surprise and excitement, voluntary suspension of disbelief, metamorphosis, and the open-ending principle.
