Stylistics of the poem the Fox and the Crow Based on the poems by Habib Yaghmaei, Mirza Ali Akbar Saber, Suleiman Al-Issa and Mohammad Osman Jalal

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Ph.D. student of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

The story of "the fox and the crow" has long been considered by poets and storytellers and poets have narrated this story in different countries with various languages using multiple storytelling styles. This research is an attempt to study and compare the poems provided by four poets; Habib Yaghmaei, (Persian poet), Ali Akbar Saber (Turkish poet), Suleiman Al-Issa (Syrian poet) and Mohammad Osman Jalal (Egyptian poet). Using descriptive and analytical method and based on the American storytelling style (which doesn’t consider the principle of impact and being influenced and historical connection as necessary conditions in comparing the two literary texts), this research is to investigate the different aspects of aesthetics, innovation, similarities, differences and different functions of the afore-mentioned poem (The Fox and the Crow) in four stages of; phonetic (internal and external music), rhetoric (aesthetic functions), syntactic, and intellectual tiers in the works of the four addressed poets. Examination of the poetic texts provided by these poets illustrates that all of them, with the aim of beautifying their poem and its attraction, have paid special attention to the music of poetry and have employed all kinds of similes, metaphors and puns. Attention to phonology and rhythm in the poem of Suleiman Al-Issa is less than that of the other three poets. The poems of Yaghmaei, Saber, and Osman Jalal comprise rhyme, rhythm, and tone so that children can memorize them easily. Opposing this, the poem of Suleiman Al-Issa contains a new verse and rhythm which is not very tangible. With respect to the intellectual tier, their goal is to educate and avoid children from flattery, and being truthful. In Yaghmaei's poem, the point of grasping the message is left to the reader, but other poets have referred to the message of the story themselves.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

أسلوبیة قصیدة الثعلب و الغراب مرکّزا على اشعار حبیب یغمائی، میرزا علی أکبر صابر، سلیمان العیسى ومحمد عثمان جلال

Abstract [العربیة]

لاشک أن قصة الثعلب و الغراب لقد حظی باهتمام الشعراء و القاصین منذ زمن بعید. إن الشعراء فی مختلف البلدان لقد نظموا هذه الحکایة و بأسالیب ممیزة و بعدة لغات. هذه الدراسة تنوی تسلیط الضوء على دراسة آثار أربعة شعراء هم حبیب یغمائی الشاعر الفارسی و علی اکبر صابر الشاعر الترکی و سلیمان العیسى الشاعر السوری و محمد عثمان جلال الشاعر المصری، کما أنها تنوی مقارنة هذه الاشعار. نحن فی هذه الرسالة نسعى إلى تقییم الجوانب المختلفة للجمال و الابتکار و التشابهات و الاختلافات و الفاعلیات المختلفة لقصیدة الثلعب و الغراب فی أربعة مستویات بما فیها الموسیقى الداخلی و الخارجی و البلاغی و الجانب النحوی و الفکری فی آثار الشعراء الأربعة الآنفة الذکر، مستخدمین أسلوب الوصف و التحلیل بناء على المدرسة الأمریکیة و التی تعتبر أصلی الفعل و الانفعال والعلاقة التاریخیة شرطا ضروریا فی المقارنة بین الادبین. إن دراسة النصوص الشعریة لهؤلاء الشعراء تدل على أنهم یؤلون اهتماما خاصا بالموسیقى الشعریة و ذلک لیضفوا قصیدتهم روعة و جمالا و قد استخدموا التشبیه و الاستعارة و الجناس و إذا قمنا بالمقارنة بین هؤلاء الشعراء الأربعة نجد أن سلیمان العیسى لا یهتم بالسجع الابتدائی و الإیقاع الشعری إلا القلیل. هذه القصیدة تکثر فیها القوافی و الردیفات و الموسیقى مما یسهل عملیة الحفظ للأطفال. لکن سلیمان ینهج منهج أسلوب الشعر الحر و نستشعر بالموسیقى کثیرا. أما من الناحیة الفکریة فإن الشعراء یستهدفون التعلیم و التربیة و التجنب عن التملق و المداهنة إلى جانب الدعوة إلى الصدق. إن شعر یغمائی یترک استنتاج المدلول على عاتق القرّاء بینما الآخرون لقد أشاروا إلى مدالیل الحکایة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • شعر الأطفال
  • الغراب و الثعلب الانسجام
  • یغمائی
  • صابر
  • عثمان جلال
  • سلیمان العیسی

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