A Comparative Study of Anima Archetype in the Poems of Mahmoud Darvish and Fereydoon Moshiri

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Ph.D. Student in Persian Language and Literature, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.

Abstract

According to Jung, the Swiss psychologist, human subconscious has a collective aspect that is filled with inherited archetypes from its ancestors. As the matter of fact, this legacy can affect human thoughts and feelings. One of those archetypes is called anima, which refers to the character of a woman hidden in every man. Considering those work that come from masculine feelings, especially those that have a romantic theme, it is better to see the traces of anima. This is due to the fact that the woman inside the man has the opportunity to reach the stage of emergence and manifestation in such work. This research, implementing an analytical-comparative method and a comparative approach of the American school of thought, considers the similarity of literary work and ,as the result of the commonalities of all human beings, carefully examines this archetype in the love poems of two contemporary poets; Mahmoud Darvish and Fereydoon Moshiri. The results of this research show that anima can be used as a common basis in comparing the poems of two poets; Because although they are from two different cultures and races; But together, they have used many positive and negative anime functions and projections. When they feel sad, afraid, empty and dead, they are in control of negative anime and when the wife of the heart and the lady of the dreams call all their goodness and beauty and wish to join her, they are dominated by their positive anime.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

دراسة مقارنة لنموذج الأنیما الأصلی فی قصائد محمود درویش وفریدون موشیری

Abstract [العربیة]

وفقًا لعالم النفس السویسریّ یونغ، فإنّ العقل الباطن للإنسان یختزن وعیًا جماعیًّا أو إرثًا ملیئًا بالأنماط الأصلیّة الموروثة من الأسلاف. ویمکن لهذا الإرث أن یؤثّر على أفکار الإنسان ومشاعره. أحد هذه الأنماط یسمّى الأنیما، وهی تشیر إلى شخصیّة المرأة المختبئة فی باطن کلّ رجل. وفی الأعمال التی تصدر عن المشاعر الذکوریّة، بخاصّة الأعمال ذات الطابع الرومانسی، یمکننا رؤیة آثار الأنیما؛ لأنّه فی هذه الأعمال، یُتاح للجانب الأنثویّ داخل الرجل فرصة الوصول إلى مرحلة الظهور. وهذا البحث، من خلال المنهج التحلیلیّ المقارن والمنهج المقارن للمدرسة الأمریکیّة، والذی یرى وجود تشابه بین الأعمال الأدبیّة کنتیجة للقواسم المشترکة بین جمیع البشر، یدفعنا لندرس بعنایة النموذج الأصلیّ فی قصائد الحبّ لشاعرین معاصرین، محمود درویش وفریدون موشیری. وتظهر نتائج هذا البحث أنّه یمکن استخدام الأنیما کأساس مشترک فی مقارنة قصائد الشاعرین؛ لأنّه على الرغم من أنّهما من ثقافتین وعرقین مختلفین؛ لکنّهما أظهرا العدید من تأثیرات الأنیما الإیجابیّة والسلبیّة. فعندما یشعران بالحزن والخوف والفراغ والموت، فإنّ الأنیما السلبیّة تتحکّم بهما، وعندما تبوح زوجة القلب وسیّدة الأحلام بکلّ خیرهما وجمالهما وترغب فی الانضمام إلیهما، تغلب علیهما الأنیما الإیجابیّة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • الأدب المقارن
  • الشعر
  • محمود درویش
  • فریدون موشیری
  • النموذج الأصلی
  • الأنیما

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