Investigating Palestine Stability Paradigm in simultaneous examination of caricatures and poetry (A Case study: caricatures of Naji Al-Ali, and poetry by Ibrahim Nasrallah)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1. Corresponding Author, PhD Student in Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literature, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.

2 3. Professor of Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages andLiterature, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Professor of Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq.

4 Associate Professor of Department of French Language and Literature, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The concept of stability, presented in the format of text and image, has always been bound to the subject of Palestine as the main paradigm in resistance literature. This meant, language, despite being originally presented in written form, can be visualized as an image in multiple aspects. In contrast, buried underneath the visual concept of acaricature,is its inseparable linguistic feature. The existing commonalities between the two artistic styles of caricature and poetry such as; hidden signs, metaphors and metaphoric symbols, metaphors and other layered signs, as well as the undeniable influence of these two types in public has led to a parallel comparison of the work provided by Ibrahim Nasrallah and Naji Al-A regarding the critique criteria. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach addressing the sign-semantics and narrative-conceptual patterns, has sought to identify the commonalities and differences between the two aforementioned types of art. As the results from reviewing caricatures and poems with a single theme revealed, there existed multiple commonalities with respect to the layered signs such as substitution, metaphorical and allegorical effects, the commonalities of companionship, synonymy and contradiction, and the use of metaphor. However, regarding the narrative-conceptual patterns, there exists multiple differences and distinctions between the two. In this respect, Nasrullah's poems, considering the graphical movements and color, the narrative aspect is more dominant. However, in Naji Ali's caricatures, the conceptual aspect and stability and continuity are more predominant. 

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

معالجة المقاومة الفلسطینیّة کنموذج فکری فی القراءة المُوحّدة للکاریکاتیر والشعر (رسوم ناجی العلی الکاریکاتیریّة، وأشعار إبراهیم نصرالله أنموذجاً)

Abstract [العربیة]

إنّ المقاومة، وفی ظلّ الصورة والکلمة، طالما امتزجتْ بالقضیّة الفلسطینیة، على أنّها البارادایم أو النموذج الفکری الرئیس فی أدب المقاومة. یأتی هذا بالتواکب مع طبیعة اللغة التی تحمل فی طیّاتها البعد التصویری والجانب البصری. وفی المقابل، طبیعة الکاریکاتیر الذی یحمل فی فحواه بعداً لغویاً. أمّا الوجوه المتشابهة بین الفنّین (الکاریکاتیر والشعر) فی الدلالات الکامنة والتشبیات، الاستعارة والمجاز والمستویات الدلالیّة الأخرى، إضافة إلى الشعبیّة التی یحظى بها کلّ مِن الفنّین، فهی التی دفعت المشروع هذا إلى اختیار إبراهیم نصرالله وناجی العلی کشخصتین مرموقتین فی مجال الشعر والکاریکاتیر لتتمّ المقاربة النقدیّة بینهما بمعاییر بحثیّة ونقدیّة مشترکة. هذا البحث یسعى وراء الکشف عن الوجوه المتشابهة والأبعاد المختلفة بین اللونین مستعیناً بالمنهج الوصفی – التحلیلی وتأسیّاً بسیمیاء الدلالة. وقد توصّل فی مقاربته بین الکاریکاتیر والشعر المقاومین، إلى أنّ الاثنین یشترکان معاً فی الدلالات بشتّى السطوح والمستویات منها محور الاستبدال ومحور الترکیب والوجه الاستعاری والتشبیه والمجاز، ودلالات الترادف والتضاد. إلّا أنّ فی الجانبین الروائی والمفهومی فثمّة تباینات بین الاثنین؛ إذْ إنّ أشعار إبراهیم نصرالله تمتاز بالجانب الروائی کما تتمیّز بتوظیفها عنصر اللون والمتّجه (الحرکة)، بینما رسوم ناجی العلی الکاریکاتیریّة یسودها الجانب المفهومی، واللون فیها فیتقاسمه الأسود والأبیض.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • المقاومة
  • السیمیائیة
  • ناجی العلی
  • إبراهیم نصرالله
  • الشعر
  • الکاریکاتیر

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