A Survey of Comparative Structure of Genitive and its Function in Arabic and Persian Grammar

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Associate Professor of Arabic Language and Literature of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,- Ahvaz- Iran

Abstract

The “Addition” documents of a name to another name is added to the benefit of such a purpose, such as the definition, allocation, discount, and various explanations, as required by the additional words. In an additional combination, the complementary is considered to be a complement to the first (sub) term; that is, the subtitle is incomplete in meaning, and to complete it, it is necessary to refer to another term that it is called “complementary”. In the same way as there is in the first word, the benefit and even the type of extraction are determined. This benefit has been raised in Arabic under the categories of “definition”, “allocation”, "discount” and “escape from grace. But in Farsi it is called “Addition”, and under this heading it is divided into different types. Additional combinations have an important role to play in terms of structure and meaning. In the least doubt, the slightest shortcoming in understanding the relationship between the two sides is disturbed in the comprehension of the subject. With this descriptive-analytic method, it became clear that the additional combinations in these two languages, with all the differences that distinguish between them, have similarities and similarities are important and significant in terms of function and variety, but in some cases additional theoretical and diagnostic issues in Persian are influenced by Arabic.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

بنیویة الاضافة المقارنة ووظیفتها فی النحو العربی والفارسی

Abstract [العربیة]

الإضافةُ» نسبة اسم لآخر لفائدة متوخّاة، کفائدة التعریف أو التخصیص أو التخفیف والإیضاحات المختلفة بحسب حاجة لفظ المضاف یتم بناء الإضافة. یعتبر المضاف إلیه فی الترکیب الإضافی متمّماً للمضاف بمعنی أن الاسم المضاف ناقص من جهة المعنی ولا یتمّ معناه إلا بانضمام لفظ آخر له یسمّی المضاف إلیه، وتتعین نوعیة الإضافة وفائدتها وفق الحاجة فی اللّفظ الأوّل. وهذه الفائدة تدرج تحت عنوان «التعریف» أو «التخصیص» أو «التخفیف» أو «الفرار من القبح» لکنّها فی الفارسیة تدرج تحت عنوان عام وهو «المتمّم» ثم ینقسم إلی عدة تقسیمات کما یلی فی الأسفل. للتراکیب الإضافیة دور مهم من حیث البناء والمعنی فی الجمل و لاشکَّ أنّ أدنَی تقصیر فی استیعاب ودرک العلاقة بین طرفی الإضافة یؤدی إلی الإخلال فی الموضوع. ومن خلال هذا التحقیق الذی یعتمد علی المنهج التحلیلی - الوصفی والّذی یتطرّق إلی خصائص وأداء الإضافة فی اللّغة الفارسیة والعربیة قد تبیّن أن التراکیب الإضافیة فی هاتین اللّغتین رغم کل الفروق الموجودة بینهما فی التعریف والمصادیق إلاّ أن هناک وجوه مشترکة وملابسات مهمّة وجدیرة بالعنایة من جانب الأداء والتنویع بل فی بعض الأحیان قد تأثّرت مباحث النظریة للإضافة فی اللغة الفارسیة من نظیرتها العربیة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • الإضافة
  • النحو
  • اللّغة العربیة
  • اللّغة الفارسیة

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