Surrealist elements in the poem Surrealist Elements in “Afsane” and “Eza konto naeman fi markab nuh”

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.A. Scholar of Arabic Language and Literature, University of Guilan. Rasht, Iran.

2 Corresponding Author, Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.

3 Associate professor of Arabic Language and Literature, University of Guilan. Rasht, Iran.

Abstract

Surrealism is referred to as an anti-fundamentalist artistic-social movement in the twentieth century which, since its formation in the West, sought to change the worldview and attitude of man towards human evolution. This movement has considered the discovery of the human subconscious mind as a way to create a work of art and, this way, many areas of language have been overshadowed. Nima Yoshij and Serkon Bolus (1946-2007), who is a contemporary Iraqi poet, are referred to as the two pioneers of this new poetic style. This style includes some current approaches and literary styles that create new and transformational ideas in the poems` form and Level which, as the result, have revitalized literature and called for the emergence of new literature in line with modern life. The present article, using a descriptive-analytical method, examines the collection of "Afsane" by Nima Yoshij and "Eza konto naeman fi markab nuh" by Sarkon Bols by observing the similarities, differences, and the quality of the existing Surrealism identities in the two. The research findings indicate the crystallization of surrealist components such as; spontaneous writing, dreaming, amazing images, discontinuity of time and place, and love in both collections. The only difference is that the first four components have almost the same frequency. But the nature of the element of love in the mythical system is the same as chaste love combined with enthusiasm and decency, while this characteristic in the poem of Boles shows a compact, erotic image and far from social values.

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Main Subjects


Article Title [العربیة]

المکوّنات السریالیة فی مجموعة أفسانة و إذا کنتَ نائماً فی مرکب نوح

Abstract [العربیة]

اسعتِ السریالیة کحرکة اجتماعیة فنیة معادیة للأصولیة فی القرن العشرین منذ نشأتها فی الغرب إلى تغییر المواقف الإنسانیة ووجهات النظر العالمیة تجاه التطور البشری. وفی هذه الحرکة، اعتبر اکتشاف العقل اللاواعی البشری وسیلة لخلق عمل فنی وبهذه الطریقة، تمکّنت مِن التغلب على العدید من المجالات اللّغویة. یتضمّن شعر نیما یوشیج وسرکون بولُص الشاعر العراقی المعاصر (1946-2007) کرائدین فی أسلوب الشعر الجدید، العدید من المبادئ والأسالیب الأدبیة الحاسمة أحیت الأدب والشعر على وجه الخصوص مُحدِثةً أفکاراً وتحوّلاتٍ جدیدةً فی الأشکال والمستویات ودَعَت إلى ظهور حیاة أدبیة جدیدة ومعاصرة. تبحث هذه الدراسة من خلال المنهج الوصفیّ - التحلیلیّ، مجموعتی "أفسانة" لنیمایوشیج و"إذا کنت نائماً فی مرکب نوح" لسرِکون بولُص ومن ثمّ تستکشف أوجُهَ التشابه والإختلاف ونوعیةَ وجود مُکوِّنات السِّریالیة فیهما. تشیر نتائج البحث إلی تبلور الآثار السریالیة مثل الکتابة التِّلقائیة، والأحلام ، والصّور العَجِیبة، وفواصل الزمان والمکان، والحبّ فی کلتا المجموعتین. ومع ذلک، فإنَّ المکوِّنات الأربعةَ الأولى لها نفس التردُّد تقریباً ولکن جوهر عنصر الحبّ فی مجموعة أفسانة هو نوع من الحب اللَّطیف جنباً إلى جنب مع الحماس، فی حِین أن هذه الخاصیة فی شعر بولص، فإنّها تمثِّل صورةً مثیرةً وبعیدة المدى للقِیَم الإجتماعیة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • السِّریالیة
  • نیما یوشیج
  • سرکون بولص
  • أفسانة
  • إذا کنت نائماً فی مرکب نوحٍ
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