Analysis of the six Linguistic Functions in “alzaman aldayq” by Sanieh Saleh and “Didar Sobh” by Tahereh Saffarzadeh: An Analysis via Yakubsen Communication Theory

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. student, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Persian Gulf, Bushehr, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of shahid beheshti, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Persian Gulf, Bushehr, Iran.

Abstract

The analysis of texts based on new theories of literary criticism is one of the ways to be informed about their structural aspects in the present age. One of these theories is the communication model of Jacobsen, a Russian linguist. Jacobsen focuses more on the issues of linguistic structure in poetry and considers poetry as an integral part of linguistics. As he implements, communication is defined through the six functions of emotive, conative, phatic, referential, metalinguistic, and poetic language. This study tries to investigate the structure of language and its basic functions from the perspective of Yakubsen communication model in the poems of contemporary Syrian poet Sanieh Saleh (1935-1985) and contemporary Iranian poet Tahereh Saffarzadeh (1936-2007) in a comparative and descriptive-analytical approach. Having considered the poetic coordinates as well as the themes in Saffarzadeh's "Didar-e Sobh", the findings reveal that the predominant aspect of its linguistic functions is in the order of its functions that is referential, conative, and poetic similar to the emotive, poetic, and referential functions that are among the dominant theological functions in the Divan of “alzaman aldayq” from Sanieh Saleh. The study of the communication process in the Diwan Poetry of both poets has been effective in getting better and more familiar with their attitudes, ideas and thoughts.

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

تحلیل الوظائف اللّغویّة الست فی دیوان «الزمان الضیق» للسنیة صالح و «دیدار صبح» لطاهرة صفارزادة على ضوء نظریة التّواصل لجاکوبسون

Abstract [العربیة]

إنّ تحلیل النصوص بناءً على النظریّات الجدیدة للنقد الأدبی یعدّ طریقاً لتحقیق جوانبها البنیویّة فی الزمن المعاصر. ومن إحدى هذه النظریات هی نموذج التواصل لجاکوبسون اللسانی الروسی. فإنّه اهتمّ لقضایا البنیة اللغویّة فی الشعر ویعتبر الشعر جزءاً لا یتجزأ من اللسانیّات. وهو عرف التواصل من خلال ستّ وظائف؛ الوظیفة التعبیریّة أو الانفعالیّة، الوظیفة الإفهامیّة، الوظیفة المرجعیّة، الوظیفة الانتباهیّة، الوظیفة المیتالغویّة والوظیفة الشعریّة. فتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى معالجة قصائد سنیة صالح (1935-1985) الشاعرة السوریّة المعاصرة وطاهرة صفارزادة (1936-2007) الشاعرة الإیرانیّة المعاصرة، من منظار نظریّة التواصل لجاکوبسون، من خلال الترکیز على بنیة اللغة والوظائف الأساسیّة لها، بشکل المقارن وبالاعتماد على المنهج الوصفی - التحلیلی. توصلت النتائج أنّ الوظیفة المرجعیّة ثمّ الإفهامیّة ثمّ الأدبیّة تکون الوظائف المسیطرة فی دیوان «دیدار صبح» لصفارزادة نظراً إلى الخصائص الشعریة وکذلک المضامین الموجودة فیه، کما أنّ الوظائف التعبیریّة والأدبیّة والمرجعیّة هی الوظائف السائدة فی دیوان «الزمن الضیق» لسنیة صالح. إنّ عملیّة التواصل فی دیوان الشاعرتین لها أثر بالغ فی التعرّف على مواقفهما، مقاصدهما الذهنیّة ومشاعرهما الوجدانیّة بشکل أفضل.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • الأدب المقارن
  • سنیة صالح
  • طاهرة صفارزادة
  • جاکوبسون
  • نظریّة التواصل

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