An Comparative Investigation of the element of “orientation to duty” in the Manifesting Freedom in the Writings of Mikhail Naimy and Ahmad Shamlou

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD of Arabic language & literature' Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Arabic language & Literature' Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Arabic language & Literature' Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

4 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature University of Allameh Tabatabaei, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

It is no denying that ethics is an essential attribute of human’s social life. There is a close association between human morals, human perfection, and the human desire toward freedom. For Mikhail Naimy (a Sufi writer in Arabic literature) and Ahmad Shamlou (a modern poet of Persian literature, freedom is not independent from individuals` preferences and their will. Having that in mind, the purpose of this study is to find the value propositions and moral norms that Mikhail Naimeh and Ahmad Shamloo in the experience of freedom. This study first refers to value propositions and, then, to their common moral norms. This is followed by an analysis of how normative ethics‌ and value propositions are reflected in the writings. The findings suggest that the poets have used similar value propositions and the only element which signified the difference between the two poetries was the presentation and manifestation of these value propositions in the writing. In other words, the unity of existence is more visible and noticeable in Mikhail Naimy’s work and the ideology of love stands out more in Ahmad Shamlou’s writings. The represented discourses have, therefore, influenced how these moral propositions promoted freedom. In other words, given that Mikhail Naimy’s writings enjoy a mystical theme, these representations and manifestations acted as a path towards a spiritual liberation. Also, given that the epic discourse is the focus of Ahmad Shamlou’s work, these representations and manifestations acted as a path towards a social freedom.

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Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

الوعی فی تمثیل الخلاص فی أعمال میخائیل نعیمة وأحمد شاملو (دراسة مقارنة)

Abstract [العربیة]

الأخلاق من أهم عناصر الحیاة الاجتماعیة للإنسان وهناک علاقة وثیقة بین علم الحیاة الأخلاقیة والکمال البشری وکذلک تحقیق الحرّیة والتحرّر. میخائیل نعیمة هو أحد الکتاب الصوفیین الروّاد فی الأدب العربی المعاصر وأحمد شاملو من شعراء الحداثیین المعاصرین فی الأدب الفارسی. کلاهما یرى أنّ التحرّر والحرّیة یعتمدان على إرادة الفرد ؛ الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو العثور على القیم والمعاییر الأخلاقیة التی یریدها میخائیل نعیمة وأحمد شاملو فی تجربة التحرر. یشیر هذا البحث أولاً إلى القیم ثم إلى معاییرها الأخلاقیة المشترکة وأخیراً یتعامل مع کیفیة تمثیل القیم والمعاییر الأخلاقیه فی مفهوم التحرّر. تشیر نتائج البحث إلى أنّ القیم لهذین الکاتبین والشاعرین کانت مشترکة إلی حد ما وهناک اختلاف فی انعکاس هذه القیم وفقا لخطاباتهما، فی أعمالهما. علی هذا الأساس، تصبح فکرة وحدة الوجود أکثر وضوحاً فی أعمال میخائیل نعیمة وفی أعمال شاملو، تظهر أیدیولوجیة الحب نفسها بشکل أکثر وضوحًا وقد أثّرت الخطابات التی اختارها الاثنان فی أعمالهما على تمثیل هذه المعاییر الأخلاقیة فی تجربه التحرّر. فی أعمال نعیمة، وفقًا للخطاب الصوفی، یتمّ تمثیل التحرر الروحی وفی أعمال شاملو، انعکاس هذه القیم والمعاییر الأخلاقیة، بناءً على الخطاب الملحمی وهو التحرّر الاجتماعی.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • القراءة المقارنة
  • الالتزام
  • تمثیل التحرّر
  • میخائیل نعیمه
  • احمد شاملو

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Research in Comparative Literature
Volume 12, Issue 4 - Serial Number 48
February 2023
Pages 107-127

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