Investigation of the Hero's Fundamental Character Evolution in the Myths of the “Ahubache” and the “Khahar va Baradar” Considering Campbell's Theory of the Hero Journey

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Department of Persian Literature, Azad University of Najafabad, Najafabad, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Department of Persian Literature, Azad University of Najafabad, Najafabad, Iran

Abstract

A subcategory of psychological critiques is Jung’s archeology critique through which the existing archetypes are examined. Archetypes are hereditary and refer to ambiguous and complicated levels of collective subconscious among humans. Having penetrated the collective subconscious, they become an inherent part of individuals’ psychological organization. One of the most practical and universally known archetypes, also known as the core of the sole myth, is Campbell's concept of "hero journey". As it is claimed in this archetype, the journey comprises three stages of departure, separation, and return, and the development of archetype in individuals’ psyche entails passing through the provided stages. Same as this subject, heroes in various legends appear in different forms that have a similar story. Through the integration of descriptive-analytical method, the current study aims at analyzing the myth of "Ahu bacheh" and "sister and brother" through the critique archetype of hero journey. Irrespective of the symmetrical and asymmetrical aspect of time, heroes in such legends are analyzed and their structural similarities will be uncovered. Hero’s journey in works of different nations follow a unique pattern. The awakening of the inner hero in the protagonist based on Campbell’s idea is a true representation of his theory of sole myth which leads to the process of transformation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

التّحلیل الأسطوری لتطوّر الشّخصیة الأساسیة للأبطال فی أسطورتی «آهوبچّه» و «خواهر و برادر» وفقا لنظریة «الرحلة البطولیة» لکامبل

Abstract [العربیة]

یعد نقد النمط البدائی للیونغ فرعا من فروع النقد المعرفی. هذا النوع من النقد یدرس الأنماط البدائیة فی الأثر. هی مستویات غیرمعروفة من اللاوعی الجماعی یرثها الشخص. تتحوّل تلک الأنماط إلى النظام المعرفی للفرد بعد تسریها فی اللاوعی الجماعی. تعتبر «الرحلة البطولیة» لکامپبل إحدى الأنماط البدائیة العالمیة التی تکون أکثر استعمالا وهو قد أطلق علیه «الجوهر أو المعنى الحقیقی». یعتقد کامبل أنّ الرحلة تتکون من العزمة، والانفصال، والعودة فبعد هذه المراحل، تنمو الأنماط البدائیة لدى الفرد. فی الاتجاه الآخر، توجد أبطال مختلفة فی الأساطیر المتنوعة ولهم مسارات متشابهة. یهدف البحث الحالی إلى نقد النمط البدائی للرحلة البطولیة فی أسطورة «آهوبچّه» (الغزال صغیر السن) و«خواهر و برادر» مستندا إلى المنهج الوصفی ـ التحلیلی. تدرَس الأبطال فی هاتین الأسطورتین ومواطن التشابه بینهما فی الرحلة البطولیة دون الانتباه إلى المزامنة وغیرها. فی مختلف السردیات الدولیة، یتبع الکثیر من الرحلات البطولیة نمطا واحدا. یقظة البطل الداخلی فی شخصیة الأبطال وهی تنبع ممّا قدّمه کامبل من النمط، تعدّ المرحلة الأخیرة للنظریة المذکورة وتنتهی إلى عملیة التحویل.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • النمط البدائی
  • البطل
  • الرحلة
  • تحویل الشخصیة
  • النقد النفسی

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